The Mansion of the Hussian General of the Han Dynasty.

"Is this...Jiaozhi?" Liu Bei looked at the map hanging in the hall and said with some uncertainty.

After the noisy stage play, it naturally entered the substantive stage of interest distribution, and the area of ​​interest Fei Qian prepared for Liu Bei was in Jiaozhi.

Liu Bei frowned a little. Because the Jiaozhi that Fei Qian brought out was indeed unexpected by Liu Bei. Liu Bei's original thought was that it might be Jingzhou, because Jingzhou is the gateway to the Central Plains, so Fei Qian might need a gatekeeper, or maybe

It's Youbei, so that's not bad. After all, Liu Bei's hometown is in Zhuojun, so it's not that far away.

But Liu Bei never expected that he would be in Jiaozhi.

In the minds of many people in the Han Dynasty, Jiaozhi was not a good place. It rebelled and surrendered at times, and had the same virtues as the Western Qiang. Since the end of the Qin and the beginning of the Han Dynasty, the Central Plains was in chaos. Zhao Tuo had guarded Lingnan, and Jiaozhi, Jiuzhen and other places belonged to the Nanyue Kingdom.

It once broke away from the control of the Central Plains Dynasty. Later, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty conquered South Vietnam, established counties and counties in the area, and set up the Jiaozhi Governor's Department for supervision, and began to substantively manage the three counties of Jiaozhi, Jiuzhen, and Rinan, but later it also

There were always rebellions. Even during the period of Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty, there was a rebellion.

At that time, it was Jia Cong who went to quell the rebellion. After Jia Cong pacified Jiaozhi, it was Shi Xie.

Why does Liu Bei know this? Because the year when Jia Cong went to quell the rebellion happened to be the first year of Zhongping...

A troubled year.

"Here are nine counties, Yulin, Hepu, Nanhai, Cangwu, Jiaozhi, Jiuzhen, Rinan, Zhuya, Dan'er..." Fei Qian ignored Liu Bei's expression, pointed at the map and said, "Let's call it that.

There are nine counties in Lingnan. Three of them are Sheng County, headed by Jiaozhi County, and there are ten counties, Yilou, Anding, Gouyi, Linling, Qufu, Beidai, Jixu, Xiyu, Longbian, Zhuyuan...

Jiuzhen County is next, followed by County 7, Xupu, Jufeng, Dupang, Yufa, Xianhuan, Wuqie, Wubian... Rinan County is next, followed by County 5, Zhuwu, Bijing, Lurong, Xi

Volume, Elephant Forest...』

"These three counties are all large counties. They can set up county guards to be in charge of their counties. Their rank is two thousand shi. There is a prime minister who has a long history and is in charge of soldiers and horses. Their rank is 600 shi. They can set up a captain, which is also 600 shi."

Shi..." Fei Qian looked at Liu Bei and said, his meaning was very clear. These official positions are all carrot pits. It all depends on Liu Bei's attitude.

Liu Bei hesitated for a moment, then raised his hands and said, "Bei heard that Zhuya has been abandoned for a long time..."

This is indeed true. Because the pioneering and enterprising spirit of the Western Han Dynasty was far less than that of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the court was also very neglectful of the management of officials in Lingnan. In addition, in the late Western Han Dynasty, some nonsense shrinkage policies were adopted, which made Dan'er, Zhuya County

It was eventually abandoned, and county administration was no longer established.

Fei Qian smiled slightly and said, "How is Biyin Mountain?"

Liu Bei was stunned for a moment and was speechless.

Fei Qian's earliest position was Shangjun, and Shangjun was also abandoned step by step during the Western Han Dynasty. In the end, even the county administration was no longer in the Han territory. Fei Qian relied on his own strength to conquer Shangjun bit by bit, and even conquered Yinshan, and re-established it.

If the Yinshan and other places in Shangjun were returned to the territory of the Han Dynasty, could it be said that Dan'er and Zhuya counties could not do the same?

"The ridge is surrounded by dense bamboo forests, with turbulent water hitting rocks up and down. There are many vipers and fierce beasts on the road. If it is summer and summer, mosquitoes, insects, miasma, and disordered diseases will follow. When ten soldiers march into Lingnan, there will be

Less than half..." Fei Qian said with some sigh.

Liu Bei couldn't help but raise his eyes and glance at Fei Qian, which obviously meant "you know it too".

"... However, our ancestors fought hard and spilled their blood in the southern frontier. Later generations were unworthy of their descendants and abandoned them lightly..." Fei Qian changed his subject and asked, "Who does Xuande think is at fault?"

Liu Bei couldn't help coughing twice and couldn't answer for a while.

"Qian thought that there were three reasons for the chaos in Lingnan..." Fei Qian had no intention of pursuing him fiercely. Seeing that Liu Bei could not answer, he explained from another angle, "Historically, the governor of Jiaozhou only cares about his appearance."

, failing to find out its roots has caused Lingnan to be turbulent and ups and downs. I wonder if Xuande would like to hear the details?"

Liu Bei cupped his hands and said, "Please give me some advice, my lord."

Fei Qian nodded and looked at the map of Jiaozhi, feeling a little emotional in his heart.

To be honest, sometimes border chaos is a common problem in feudal dynasties, and it is self-inflicted...

After Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty opened the three counties of Jiaozhi, Jiuzhen and Rinan in the sixth year of Yuanding, the Jiaozhi area became an integral and integral part of the unified multi-ethnic country of the Han Empire.

The above sentence is a standard terminology in textbooks, but Fei Qian feels that in fact, starting from Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, factors of rebellion were planted in Jiaozhi, Lingnan.

The first factor of trouble.

Solid border defense.

The original intention of solid border defense was good, but China has too many good policies from the top, and then they were passed on to the middle-level people who were unwilling to take any responsibility, and then they were crippled by the lower-level executors who used fake power to bully the good.

of……

In the fifth year of Yuanfeng Period, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty set up the Jiaozhi Governor's Department in Lingnan to further strengthen his rule over the southern border areas for unified political and military supervision. However, due to cultural differences, the court's decrees could not go smoothly.

It was promoted in Lingnan, so Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty "immigrated a lot of Chinese sinners and lived among them. They learned a little bit about calligraphy and roughly understood the language. They made posts go back and forth and observed the etiquette."

At the same time, in order to consolidate and strengthen control over the southern border, the Han Dynasty also migrated a large number of inland residents to the Jiaozhou area to garrison in the fields, and coordinated with local county soldiers to carry out armed deterrence.

"Garrisoning has the advantage of losing money inside, and there are preparations for defense outside." Therefore, along with the management of Lingnan, the Han Dynasty also actively immigrated to carry out "garrisoning" to consolidate the achieved results, and also achieved certain results.

, during the several rebellions in Lingnan, these villagers who actually guarded the border also cooperated with the governor of Jiaozhou to quell several South Vietnamese rebellions.

Isn't it great?

It does look good.

But what about actually?

The vast majority of these people who actually guarded the border did not come voluntarily, but were forced to migrate. During the migration process, many of their family properties were deprived of their property, and their family members died on the way, and then finally made it to the bottom of the land.

Once again, they were faced with double exploitation. On the one hand, they had to use their labor force to farm the fields, but most of the food they produced did not belong to them. Then they had to submit to military service and be mobilized from time to time to fight rebellions...

"Who can do this? How can we not be resentful?" Fei Qian sighed, "The people who are guarding the city are also Han people. It's enough that the officials in Lingnan don't take care of them. Instead, they pay more taxes and levies to force them into poverty. If there is no livelihood, how can there be no change? But this will cause new harm..."

The second factor leading to border rebellion was the dispersion of sergeants.

In order to maintain its rule on the frontiers, the Han Dynasty often had local rebellions, either due to cultural conflicts, power struggles, official corruption, or cruel exploitation, and the local governors and governors could not calm them down through gentle means. At that time, even using the power of the county soldiers guarding the border was of no avail. With no other solution, they had no choice but to bite the bullet and report it to the central court.

When the central court was still relatively stable and had some remaining strength, most of them would punish these border officials while sending soldiers to conduct conquests. As a result of the conquests, the border areas imported a group of immigrants from the mainland who had not returned... …

Ma Yan, who served under Fei Qian, was the descendant of Ma Yuan, the general of Liao Dynasty.

At that time, Ma Yuan commanded soldiers to assess the so-called "Second Expedition" rebellion. In terms of combat, there were not many high-intensity battles. "The reinforcements had more than 2,000 ships and more than 20,000 soldiers." , attacked the Jiuzhen thieves and conquered the remaining party Duyang and others. After no success, they captured more than 5,000 people, and Qiaonan was flat." From this, it can be seen that Ma Yuan's counterinsurgency did not encounter much resistance, and the soldiers who were lost in the battle were naturally There were not many, but a huge number of people died from the epidemic due to the hot and humid weather in the Jiaozhi area.

Among these soldiers, some died of illness, and naturally a large number of them were unable to travel with them due to illness when they returned to the army. In the end, they had no choice but to stay in the place and dispersed everywhere.

"In the past, Ma Wenyuan built a pond with stones and reached Xiangpu, and built a gold mark to mark the boundary of Hannan..." Fei Qian said slowly, "Later, there were more than ten families of soldiers from the north of the bank who were unable to return and lived in the south of Shouleng's bank. My surname is Ma. Since my marriage, there have been more than 200 households, named Maliu. Their language and food are all the same as those in China..."

"Soldiers are fighting to defend the country, but they are ill and unable to return. However, there is no reward and no arrangements. Just letting it go is like throwing away a broom!" Fei Qian slapped the table on the table, "A hot-blooded man who is loyal and dedicated to his duty, how can he be like this?" The end! If things go on like this, how can anyone be willing to fight in all directions?! So much so that a heroic northern man like Xuande will frown upon the frontiers!"

Liu Bei broke down in sweat on the spot, and quickly raised his hands and said: "This... Bei, I am ashamed, I am ashamed..."

Fei Qian waved his hand and said: "This is human nature, Xuande does not need to blame himself. Therefore, the chaos on the border is caused by the Han people themselves, not the barbarians in South Vietnam! They drive the people away without caring for them, and make the soldiers without showing mercy! That's how it is. When dry firewood accumulates and there are a few fireworks, it becomes a prairie fire!"

Why do border wars sometimes become more difficult to fight? At first, it seemed that only 20,000 people could quell the rebellion. Later, it required 100,000 or 200,000 people. For example, the Xiqiang rebellion lasted for thirty or forty years, using soldiers and men. More than a million!

Where did those rebels come from?

Are they all indigenous barbarians?

The Han immigrants were not settled well, and because the Han people were more obedient and the barbarians were not so obedient, they exploited and exploited the obedient Han people. On the contrary, they collected some symbolic taxes and even gave some benefits to the barbarians who occasionally made trouble.

, so as not to cause too much trouble while in office and not be promoted...

As a result, the obedient Han people will suffer even more?

Will those who obey Han laws be more unlucky?

Then something really happened. The imperial court sent troops to quell the rebellion. When the soldiers scattered on the border were in trouble, they pushed them back and forth. They didn't care about this and didn't know about that. They even showed off their official power and coaxed them out.

.

What will happen if there are resentful people and resentful soldiers who know military formations and have been on the battlefield?

As a result, this is not the end, there are even worse things.

The Han Dynasty also thought that the border areas were not chaotic enough, so they dug a third hole for themselves...

Political exile.

Relegating people to remote areas and sending them to the frontiers was not the first of its kind in the Han Dynasty, but it was also a common method used by feudal dynasties in the past to punish so-called "serious officials".

"Han Shu" records: "In the fifth year of Yuanshou, the treacherous officials and people from all over the world moved to the border."

Please note the word "cunning" here.

In the subsequent Han and Han Dynasties, such incidents often occurred.

In addition to migrating "sinners" from the lower classes of society who violated laws and regulations to border counties, they also began to exile to the area on a large scale or bureaucratic nobles and their wives, children, family members, and court officials who were expelled due to failure in the struggle for political power or corruption and perversion of the law.

The Tang also often ordered "sinners" to be "thrown into the four descendants", that is, in marginal areas like Xiqiang Jiaozhi.

Especially during the Eastern Han Dynasty, due to the autocratic power of relatives and the rotation between eunuchs and relatives, the government became increasingly corrupt. In order to compete for power, various political groups competed with each other, resulting in more children of the gentry and upper-level officials becoming corrupt because of their superiority in the court.

Power struggles lead to collective displacement.

Are these "sinners" who were exiled to the frontier really guilty?

So in the hearts of these "sinners", how many of them have a pious heart, a loyal mind, and accept the labor reform arranged by the Han Dynasty without any regrets, striving to start a new life as soon as possible, uh, become an official?

Obviously, this is impossible. So, in the border, there are resentful people, angry soldiers, and criminal officials who have hatred for the Han Dynasty. What will happen next?

Even a fool can guess it!

But the problem is that the Han Dynasty doesn't seem to take it seriously! Just like throwing "garbage" at the door of the house or out of the window, the "garbage" will disappear out of thin air without any subsequent events or problems!
To be continued...