After hearing this offer, Qin Shiou was immediately disappointed and said, "It's only one million US dollars? I thought I could buy a price of ten or twenty million."

Billy and Blake stared at each other and asked him in unison: "What do you think US dollars are? Japanese won or Thai baht?!"

Qin Shiou said: "Don't look at me with such a damn look. Do you know Yuan blue and white? Isn't that thing sold for 50 or 60 million US dollars? There are also some official kilns in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and the prices are also very high."

Little Black shook his head and said, "You don't understand the rules of the collection of porcelain antiques. I know that the porcelain you mentioned is of course expensive, and it is the emperor among porcelain antiques. And those official kilns are also considered nobles among porcelain antiques. Alla-lana cannot be compared with them, because this kind of porcelain is just a copy of Chinese porcelain."

Billy patted Qin Shiou on the shoulder and said with a wink at him: "Your sense of national pride can rise."

Little Black continued to introduce, and this time he tried to be concise and explained alla-lana and other modern European porcelain. As for the history of ceramics and antiques in the Americas? Sorry, the native Indians in the Americas could fire pottery, but this thing has been eliminated for a thousand years in Chinese art appreciation and centuries in Europe. Therefore, in this historical introduction, there is no seat in the Americas.

First of all, Egypt's lead-glazed pottery technology was introduced to Italy from the Roman Empire and continued to produce until the tin-glazed pottery technology was introduced. The production technology of tin-glazed pottery was introduced from the Middle East through Mallorca in southern Spain to Italy. Compared with lead-glazed pottery technology, tin-glazed pottery technology was a perfect improvement. From then on, exquisite pottery began to enter the upper class of European society.

During the Renaissance, the manufacturing technology of tin-glazed pottery spread rapidly from Italy, first to France, then to Germany, the Netherlands, Britain and Nordic countries. The main characteristics of Italian tin-glazed pottery are that the painted decoration was initially multi-color painting, and then when the glossy color was introduced from Spain, glossy color was mostly used to make the product appear bright colors, such as golden yellow, bright red, dark blue, etc.

When introducing this, Little Black pointed to the pottery inside. Obviously, the color of these pottery is like this.

Continuing to develop, European pottery in the Middle Ages began to develop to its peak, and what did this was Venice in the 16th century. This maritime country took the lead in contacting China with convenient marine transportation and obtained more advanced tin-glazed pottery production technology.

The porcelain produced in Venice not only uses Chinese manufacturing technology, but also is good at imitating the drawing patterns of Chinese Ming Dynasty porcelain. It forms a new style with oriental colors. This is the origin of alla-lana. Among them, "alla-lana" also has another name, called traditional alla-lana.

As explained earlier, alla-lana can be translated as simulated tin-glazed pottery. The focus of this word is two places: one is ‘simulation’ and the other is ‘tin-glazed pottery’. In addition to Venice at that time, European countries have successively studied and studied Chinese pottery making technology, and many simulated tin-glazed pottery appeared.

For example, in the 1660s, Germany began to produce tin-glazed pottery in Frankfurt and its nearby Hanluo Factory. They used the production process transmitted from the Middle East, but the vessels used Chinese decorative patterns. They were considered one of the simulated tin-glazed pottery.

Earlier, in the 1620s, some Italian potters moved to the Netherlands and began the production of tin-glazed pottery in the Netherlands, and imitated Chinese Yixing pottery. This is also a type of simulated tin-glazed pottery.

Later, the Dutch East India Company imported a large amount of Chinese porcelain, and its pottery decoration completely turned to imitating Chinese blue and white porcelain, abandoning the Italian decorative style, and already completely belonged to the simulated tin-glazed pottery.

In addition, there is also the production of pottery in Britain. In the 1650s, the manufacturing technology of tin-glazed pottery was introduced from the Netherlands to the British region. The production of lead-glazed pottery was eliminated. In terms of pottery decoration, British porcelain was influenced by the Wanli blue and white porcelain of the Ming Dynasty in China and was almost completely imitated.

There is no doubt that porcelain produced in that era could be called alla-lana, but in order to distinguish, porcelain produced in different countries and regions had different names. For example, the production of pottery in the Netherlands was concentrated in Deford, and its products were called Deford pottery; while German pottery was best in Nuremberg, which was called Nuremberg pottery. The name alla-lana was gradually no longer mentioned in these countries and regions. After all, the name of imitation of counterfeit goods is not good after all.

Only Venice has always regarded this as a glory. They combined the simplicity and elegance of oriental porcelain with the splendor and nobility of European porcelain traditions and specially exported it to France. Before the 16th century, France also widely used lead-glazed pottery technology. As soon as alla-lana was introduced to France, it was immediately popular among the upper class.

What really promoted the production of alla-lana was that in the early 18th century, King Louis XIV of France ordered the meltdown of silverware in the palace in order to repay the costs of the Spanish throne's succession war. Since then, French powerful people have turned to the use of ceramics, and alla-lana has become popular in Europe, but the number has increased, but the value has decreased.

Fortunately, the porcelain was light and fragile and difficult to preserve. In modern Europe, wars broke out frequently, and most of the alla-lana porcelain was destroyed by war.

After entering the industrial age, Europe's technological strength became stronger and the ceramic technology was improved, and more and better, more beautiful and practical porcelain appeared. For example, when the beige pottery of British ceramics Weichwood was released, it was immediately appreciated by bureaucrats and nobles in Britain and other countries. From then on, tin-glazed pottery was gradually abandoned and not used, and not many people used alla-lana, the manufacturing process was gradually lost, and its value gradually increased.

After listening to Xiao Black's introduction, Qin Shiou asked: "Which country's alla-lana are these porcelains?"

Little Black smiled and said, "When it comes to alla-lana, it refers to traditional simulated porcelain. At that time, porcelain from other countries had other names. I don't know whether these porcelains came from Venice or France. If you want to clearly judge their identity, you have to remove all the whale oils on it to look carefully." (To be continued.)
Chapter completed!