At noon, just after twelve o'clock, Wen Renlong threw away the whiteboard pen in his hand, tapped on the writing board, and announced the end of the one-hour class. "Okay, let's stop here for today. It's time to eat. This is a big deal." There should be no delay.”

“If you don’t understand the content, go back and read the book. If you don’t understand the content after reading the book, ask me again during the next question time.”

After saying that, he turned around gracefully and said, "Leave the conference room.

This is a small topic for colleagues in the AL Pharmaceutical Laboratory. It mainly explains some theoretical knowledge combining machine learning and chemical pharmaceuticals, and at the same time answers questions and answers. There are two classes a week, one hour each time.

The conference room was bustling with dozens of people, all colleagues who came to class.

They all stared at the writing board with a sad face, looking at the dense content on it, and couldn't help but let out a cry.

"Fuck, why don't I understand anything?

"Oh my god, this is a heavenly book, isn't it?"

"Where am I? What am I doing? What have I heard?'

"It's normal that you can't understand. The boss always speaks very quickly. Fortunately, I brought a recorder." A fat man wearing glasses opened his mobile phone, clicked it a few times, and took a picture of everything on the writing board.

"Damn it, brother is awesome. Can you send me a copy of the recording later?'

"No problem, I will put it on the server of the al laboratory. Which laboratory are you from?'

"I am a new postdoctoral fellow. I have just completed training and plan to join the AI ​​laboratory. Why don't I come and attend the lecture first?"

"Then you are amazing. You dared to take the boss's class when you first came here. Which school do you have a doctorate in?"

"Don't dare, don't dare, I am a Ph.D. in Chemistry from Beijing University." The postdoc waved his hands modestly, but couldn't help but raise his head and chest.

"Haha," the fat man smiled and gave him a sympathetic look: "Brother, I'm not saying that, no matter what school you have a Ph.D. from, even Harvard, MIT, or Stanford, if you listen to the boss's class, you can follow his ideas. Not many.'

The postdoctoral fellow from Peking University looked at the content on the writing board, was silent for a moment, picked up his phone, and took a photo.

"Thank you, brother, let's go have dinner together.'

"Machine learning is indeed quite difficult. Although my self-study ability is pretty good, I still struggled with the lectures given by the director. I didn't understand many of the contents. Brother, are you an old employee? Do you have any experience you can share?"

The fat man nodded with understanding: "To be honest, I can only understand half of it. Sometimes I have to go back and read by myself. By the way, what books do you usually read?"

The postdoc from Peking University handed over a thick book with the words "Principles of Machine Learning" written on the cover.

The fat man glanced at the title of the book, but did not take it. He shook his head and said, "There is something wrong with the book you are reading. The author of this book is not that high-level and does not highlight the key points. No wonder it is difficult for you to understand.

The postdoctoral fellow at Peking University was stunned: "Ah? No way? But this book is a textbook for our Department of Computer Science at Peking University."

The fat man took out a book from his bag. The cover was all in English and handed it over: "Look at this book. It was written by my tutor. Although it is all in English, it is still relatively simple and understandable. After reading it, you will understand A deeper understanding of some basic theories

The postdoctoral fellow from Peking University took it with a shocked look on his face, turned over a few pages curiously, and said at a loss for words: "Brother, this, this, thank you, which school did you graduate from?"

The fat man adjusted his glasses and said calmly: "I am a PhD student at Stanford and the junior fellow student of the boss. However, I was relatively mediocre back then and had an ordinary tutor. The boss's tutor was really awesome. He was Professor Stone, the winner of the Turing Award.

I also applied that year, but was rejected. Professor Stone didn’t take a fancy to me. Not only did he not take a fancy to me, but Professor Stone only accepted one student from Stanford for several years.”

He said with a sad face: "Oh, this is one of the biggest regrets in my life. Sure enough, I am just an ordinary ordinary person. Compared with a genius like the boss, there is still a big gap. Now I can only

Sitting here listening to the boss give a small lecture, I still can’t keep up with his train of thought.”

The postdoctoral fellow from Peking University was stunned and speechless for a long time. All he could think of was a herd of horses galloping past.

After a while, he held back a sentence: "The director is worthy of being a director. I will definitely study this book when I go back." Yun Danfeng waved his hand gently: "Hey, it's normal. I have known the boss for so many years.

I have long been accustomed to this kind of life of being beaten. If you stay here, you will get used to it soon. "Come on, let's eat together."

The two of them came back from dinner quickly and returned to their desks.

The postdoctoral fellow was burping and did not dare to relax for a moment. He took the English book and began to study hard.

He secretly vowed to finish it as soon as possible so that he could understand Wen Renlong's lecture as soon as possible.

Fatty turned on the computer and checked the progress of the project.

After looking at it for a while, he frowned and his expression became more and more frustrated.

This is a new drug research and development project on coagulation factor antagonists, inspired by the super hemostatic agent released last year.

Sanqing's super hemostatic agent is a powerful drug molecule that not only promotes the contraction of damaged capillary ends, but also strongly stimulates thrombin in human blood, thereby achieving a 3-second hemostasis effect.

Not long after the hemostatic agent came out, Fatty discovered through in-depth research that the reason why this drug molecule has such a strong effect on thrombin is because it targets the active site of a coagulation factor, thereby stimulating the activity of the coagulation factor.

.

So, after Fatty started his reverse thinking, he quickly came up with a new idea.

If an antagonist for the coagulation factor receptor is developed based on this hemostatic drug molecule, wouldn't it be able to achieve the opposite effect, inactivating the coagulation factor, thus inhibiting the activity of thrombin, and achieving the effect of anticoagulant drugs?

Effect.

There is a receptor theory in pharmacology, which means that the reason why a drug produces an effect is because it grabs the corresponding receptor, just like a key opening a lock. Only the drug or related compounds can open the lock.

Hold the lock and activate this receptor.

Many drugs have been successfully developed based on this theory. The most famous receptor is the opioid receptor. Addictive drugs such as morphine act on the opioid receptor to produce strong effects.

The receptor theory makes it easy for people to think that if a similar chemical molecule is used to occupy all the receptors, wouldn't it be possible to prevent the receptor from functioning?

Just like putting a piece of plasticine with a similar shape into the keyhole, it will block the lock, preventing the real key from being inserted and having no effect.

This piece of plasticine with a similar shape is the antagonist.

Chemical molecules are three-dimensional, which results in some subtle changes in structure that can turn a drug into an antagonist, or an antagonist into a drug.

For example, morphine is a stimulant. If the methyl group of the morphine molecule is replaced with an allyl group, it becomes an effective antagonist, allylmorphine. Not only will it not cause excitement, it will also not be sedative.

Pain, but can prevent morphine or other opioids from taking effect.

It squeezes the morphine out of the receptor, crowding out the receptor, leaving the morphine nowhere to act.

The coagulation factor antagonists that Fatty wants to study are also based on the same principle.

As long as some slight changes are made to the molecular structure of the drug, an antagonist can be obtained from the hemostatic agent, thereby obtaining a brand-new anticoagulant drug that can greatly inhibit venous thrombosis.

When Fatty came up with this idea, he was so excited that he almost jumped from the computer. He immediately took the research findings to Wen Renlong to apply for the project.

Wen Renlong praised his innovative thinking and agreed to his application almost immediately.

This is the first independent research and development project of AI Pharmaceutical Laboratory, and it is a brand-new field of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular drugs, so it has received great support.

Fatty led five doctors, a total of six people, to form a new team to research and develop innovative anticoagulants.

However, at the beginning of the project, progress was not smooth.

Since all drug molecules with similar structures have to be synthesized and the effects are tested one by one, the effects of the same carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, even if arranged in the same way, are actually different.

Overall, the workload was very heavy. Just analyzing the fine structures of different drug molecules would cost these six people their lives.

They could only turn to Wen Renlong, and with his help they built an al model, screened the molecular structures of different drugs, and then predicted their effects.

In this way, the workload was finally reduced to a level that six people could handle.

Later, with the company providing al software, work progress took off rapidly.

Finally, after half a year of hard work, three antagonists with similar structures were screened out.

However, during this time, they encountered difficulties again.

The three selected antagonists had good prediction results in the computer, but they were quite different in the actual test.

Obviously the principle is correct and the data is correct, but it is always very different from reality.

There must be something wrong with the model or algorithm.

They have summarized the problem points, but they can't always figure out where the problem is.

It has been delayed for half a month, and it cannot be completely resolved, so it cannot continue.

I really can't afford to delay.

The fat man gritted his teeth, typed out a document, stood up and headed towards Wen Renlong's office.

“Dong dong dong!

"Stop knocking, Wang Yong. I'll know it's you just by the sound. Come in quickly. What's going on?"

Wen Renlong shouted impatiently, his hands still waving, leaving an afterimage on the mechanical keyboard.

After the fat man Wang Yong came in, he wiped the cold sweat from his forehead and forced a smile.

"Boss, we have encountered another problem in the anticoagulant drug project. The data of the al model is always very different from the actual test. We can't figure it out, so we are looking for you to find out what is wrong.'

Wen Renlong took the information and read it seriously.

Wang Yong scratched his head and said: "We all think there is a problem with the algorithm or model, but we don't know where it is." Wen Renlong said flatly: "It's not a problem with the algorithm or model. It's a problem with the test experiment.'

"Ah? Is it a problem with the experiment we designed?" Wang Yong was dumbfounded. The experiments designed by the six of them together had always been fine in the early tests, so they didn't think about it in this direction. They always thought it was an algorithm problem. Now

But I was completely confused.

Then I thought about it, yes, this algorithm and model were all made under the guidance of the boss, so there must be no problem.

I was probably stupid for not thinking that there was something wrong with the experimental design.

Wang Yong's face turned red, but he felt relieved. In fact, he originally wanted to solve it on his own with his teammates, but he spent more than half a month studying sleepless nights and couldn't figure it out. He had to ask the leader for help again, but he didn't expect it to happen all of a sudden.

Eyebrows raised.
To be continued...