Zhou Zhi couldn't help but feel a little embarrassed: "Mr. Zhang, why don't you arrange for my elder friends first?"

"No, I'm with you." Jiang Shuyi said.

"Well, I'm also with Brother Zhuzi." Guan Tingting also said.

Mr. Qiao made a mistake again and stared at the pin: "How did you see the Republic of China? I think it's Tongzhi..."

This was such unreasonable nonsense that Zhou Zhi couldn’t laugh or cry: “You are even more outrageous than someone else, even Qianlong…”

Mother Guan smiled and said: "In fact, those who can collect antiques are all elegant people and people who are not short of money, so what matters is not the value of the collection in their hands, but the culture and knowledge contained in it.

"

Nowadays, people still like to save face. Guan Ma has a good temperament, and the middle-aged woman has a more graceful temperament. If she talks like this, several men will be speechless.

"I have heard some ancient sayings that say, 'There is no order of learning, the one who masters is the teacher', and I have also heard that 'He who hears the Tao in the morning will die in the evening.'" Guan Ma's eyes were full of smiles: "So don't take today's matter as an example.

Let’s just treat it as a dispute of spirits, the difference between winning and losing, just treat it as a cultural discussion.”

"Yes, yes, this lady is very good at what she said." Mr. Zhang quickly smoothed things over: "It's like discussing with each other, that's what I mean."

"Respect should be given to people with skills, not to someone who can make himself an expert by saying a few words." Although Guan Mahu lost face, the middle-aged man still refused to accept it.

"Tell me about that elbow, and tell me the reason for your chronology." Mr. Zhang said.

"Then... let me tell you?" Zhou Zhi looked at the middle-aged man and said with a smile.

"you say!"

Zhou Zhi stretched out his hand to hold the mouth of the bottle and poured it down: "Let's talk about the foot ring and the bottom payment first..."

"Children, is it professional to touch antiques without wearing gloves?" the middle-aged man sneered.

"Huh?" Zhou Zhi was stunned instead: "Of course other antiques can't be used, but the porcelain business has never been so particular."

"Because the glaze applied on the surface of porcelain is essentially a silicide glass body, which is acid, alkali and corrosion resistant."

After saying that, he looked at Xugong with a smile but not a smile: "If you wear gloves, the friction on the surface of the porcelain will be reduced and it will be too smooth, causing you to miss. Therefore, you can always start to appraise porcelain directly, and play with porcelain with gloves.

, but it is an unprofessional performance.”

XCMG quickly raised his hand: "I don't wear them either, and we don't give out gloves to customers. They bring their own."

"Is this true?" The middle-aged man was a little confused: "Mr. Zhang?"

"Little friend Zhou is right." Mr. Zhang said, "You really don't need gloves when appreciating porcelain."

As soon as he said this, several other men beside him also secretly took off their gloves.

Zhou Zhi said: "Let's first talk about why it's not Tongzhi Qinghua. My sworn brother was just talking nonsense before."

"The blue and white flowers of the late Qing Dynasty, whether from Tongzhi or Xianfeng, or even from Daoguang before it, all have the same problem, that is, the roughness of the glaze is more obvious, and the texture of the folk kilns is softer."

"There are also a few that are lighter and thinner, with finer porcelain, but the glaze is uneven and mostly translucent white; while those with thick glaze are more coarse and soft, with turbid glaze, and their transparency and hardness are not as good as those of the three generations of the early Qing Dynasty.

.”

"Of course, this also means that compared with the previous dynasty, even the Tongzhi official kiln cannot compare with the later imitation craftsmanship."

"I happen to have a Qianlong official kiln ink clay box with a large door here. You can see the characteristics by comparing the bottom of the box."

After saying that, he took out the Qianlong ink pad box that previously contained the Eight Treasures ink pad and put it on the table: "The bottom of this ink pad box is a six-character seal script made in the Qianlong year of the Qing Dynasty.

It is made of high-quality Zhejiang material, with purple hair color and bluish underside, which is delicate. If you look closely, there is still a little redness."

"Fetal red is also called flint red. It is mostly precipitated from the joints of the fetal glaze. Real flint red has a soft and bright color, harmonious and natural. The further away from the fetal glaze, the lighter the flint red color becomes;"

"The fake flint red can be seen everywhere on the bottom of the objects. The color is of different shades, either too rich or too bland, which is very unnatural."

"If you observe it under a magnifying glass, the real flint red is sparkling and translucent, penetrates deep into the tire and blends with the tire soil; while the fake flint red lacks vitality and floats on the surface of the tire body."

"According to Mr. Geng Baochang's "Identification of Ming and Qing Porcelain": 'The flint red marks on the feet of the carcass that have appeared since the Yuan and Ming Dynasties have become more intense the earlier the period, and gradually disappeared by the early Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty.'"

"The reason is that people have figured out the reason why flint red is produced, that is, the matrix contains minerals. In the parts that are not glazed, they naturally emerge when exposed to fire, and are formed by secondary oxidation during the cooling process."

"Even if the blue and white wares of the Yuan and Ming dynasties copied by jdz are fired with new sand pads, or if the sand bottom of the new porcelain body is deliberately dampened before entering the kiln, the flint red phenomenon will appear."

"Although this ink pad box is small, many of its features, including the base, glaze color, blue and white hair color, shape, pattern, base, paste, and red color, are all in line with the early Qianlong standards."

"In jargon, it's called 'Damenmen', and in modern terms, it's called 'Standard Ware.' We can use it as an important reference for Qianlong's official kiln artifacts, and compare it with other blue and white porcelain suspected to be Qianlong's, as a basis for identification.

Basis and reference standards.”

The middle-aged man held the ink pad box in his hand and studied it for a while, but couldn't find any faults. He then showed it to everyone to see. These people were still able to identify things with wide open doors, and they all nodded in agreement with Zhou Zhi's statement.

After getting everyone's approval, Zhou Zhi turned the ink pad box over to reveal the bottom of the tire, and then revealed the bottom of the celestial sphere bottle: "Look again, can you see the difference now?"

It was indeed easy to identify. One person pointed to the Heavenly Sphere Vase and said: "The bottle body is whiter and thinner."

"That's not right." The middle-aged man was confused: "Didn't it mean that after Kangxi and Qianlong, the blue and white carcass became thicker toward the back? Why did it become thinner instead?"

Zhou Zhi smiled and said: "The so-called rough here refers to the craftsmanship, such as tire scraping, tire splicing, and tire repair. Of course, the fineness of mud washing is also included, but that is based on Yongxuan blue and white as the top standard, and cannot be

We use chemical tires from the mechanical age for comparison."

"The flaw in this celestial sphere bottle is here. The reason why the soil becomes too greasy and white is because there is an additional process that will only be available in later generations - iron removal."

"Iron removal is a standard process for making porcelain clay in later generations, because steel ball milling is mostly used as a process for making clay powder. Therefore, in order to maintain the quality of porcelain clay, an additional iron removal process is needed before making clay. In this way, the fired porcelain

Only then will the fetus be white and spotless.”

"The previous tire soil did not have this process, so no matter how fine it is, there will still be small brown-black dots the size of hair tips in the tire soil. This is not caused by the thickness itself, but caused by the precipitation of iron impurities, so there is no avoid."

"This also makes the color of the genuine product more natural than that of the imitation product, with a light green or red color instead of greasy and white."
Chapter completed!