Chapter 3943 War
War also varies with the times. At the beginning, it was military aristocrats, and war was a matter for the nobles. The nobles learned the six arts: rituals, music, shooting, imperial, books, and numbers. Among them, shooting and imperial are the archery and driving required for combat, and are combat techniques.
Moreover, military aristocrats also have a martial spirit and are the main force of war.
But in the Warring States Period, the war between military aristocrats was no longer possible. The Wei State launched the Wuqi reform and established the Wei Wushu, and adopted the recruitment system. Recruiting soldiers means recruiting soldiers, and soldiers must bring their own weapons and equipment.
The selection of Wei Wuzhang was very strict, and people with excellent physical fitness and weapons were selected as soldiers. The Wei State relied on Wei Wuzhang to become the first major country in the Warring States Period, and Wei Wuzhang was a citizen militia.
Then when it comes to Shang Yang's reform, it is the conscription system. The obligation of every Qin person is to farm and join the army. No matter how you are, as long as you don't lack arms or legs, you have to join the army to fight. If you don't have weapons, the court will send you. If you take weapons, you will go to the battlefield to chop people's heads. If you chop people's heads, you can accumulate military merits and may rise.
Military aristocrats, recruiting soldiers, recruiting soldiers, and the scale of wars was getting bigger and bigger, so in the Qin and Han dynasties, the nobles no longer practiced the spirit of martial arts, but had to learn military tactics. For example, Xiang Yu was extremely powerful, but he said that he should not learn from the enemy of a hundred people, but from the enemy of a hundred people. For example, Han Xin, Han Xin ordered more soldiers, and the better.
Whether it is a great nobleman like Xiang Yu or a down-and-out nobleman like Han Xin, the two most capable generals in the Chu-Han War were both learning military tactics, rather than martial spirits, because the war was completely different. Faced with the vast and large-headed soldiers, the military aristocrats were just mortals wearing armor, and could not stop their enemies several times their own.
Later, the military farming and the government military system were basically integrated with farming and warfare. Of course, some soldiers needed to bring their own weapons. In the Warring States Period, only the people in the country had the money to prepare weapons, and the savages who farmed could only rely on the court to allocate weapons. In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, farmers under the government military system could also prepare a set of equipment.
Whether the equipment is prepared by the court or spending money on its own is also the difference between recruiting and recruiting troops.
Recruiting soldiers is recruiting. Recruiting naturally requires selection, and only those above the standard line are recruited.
Han Xin ordered more troops and became better. As long as he could fight, he wanted to do so, but what should many people do without weapons? Then the court needs to arrange it. Sometimes he even directly arrested the strong men.
Of course, recruitment and recruitment are not fixed, and usually appear alternately. At the beginning, recruitment must be first. After all, recruitment requires general mobilization and the cost is very high. If recruitment can win, there is no need to mobilize more people.
Of course, conscription may not necessarily win, because conscription also has a scope. For example, at the beginning, all the nobles join the army, but it is considered to be a military service. All the Chinese people join the army is also a conscription, and all the strong men join the army is also a conscription. The conscription range is also large and small.
Recruiting soldiers is treating military service as a profession, and recruiting soldiers is treating military service as an obligation.
The same is true in the West. At first, they were military nobles, then civilians, and then big-headed soldiers. At the beginning, Rome's demand for citizens was to volunteer to join the army. The welfare of Roman citizens was bread, bathhouses, and gladiators.
Later, when citizens could not win the conscription, they began to recruit soldiers. After joining the army for a period of time, they could become Roman citizens, so free people could join the army. Free people usually came to Rome from other places. They were not locals, but could be transformed into Romans by joining the army.
As for choosing to recruit soldiers or recruit soldiers, different situations are analyzed differently. However, whether it is recruiting Chinese people to fight or recruiting citizens to fight, resources must be tilted towards them.
As the scale of the war expands, changes must be carried out. The reason why the colonial system disintegrated after World War I and World War II and the decentralization of civil rights was that the scale of the war became larger and larger. The old powers needed to recruit soldiers from the colonies and recruit soldiers from the country.
War tilted resources, the control of old powers over the colonies could not be maintained, and domestic citizens also had more and more demands, and welfare was constantly increased.
Just like Rome, civilians needed rights to fulfill their obligations, and at the same time, barbarians transformed into Romans through military service. In the end, Rome split, and Western Rome was directly replaced by barbarians and no longer called themselves Romans.
Therefore, the changes brought by war are very important. For citizens and free people, war is an opportunity to ask for rights from the nobles.
If aristocrats cannot win, citizens, free people, and even barbarians are needed. Citizens must need more welfare, and free people and barbarians also need their citizenship.
If the nobles don’t give it, then wait for the nobles from other countries to behead them. But if they give it, where will the money come from? They can only lead troops to rob them and continue to expand, which makes them fall into the predicament of Rome.
In World War I and World War II, the scale of the war completely exceeded the scope of the nobles' tolerance, so more people who were not regarded as humans participated in the war. For example, black soldiers and women entered the factory, they all contributed to the war.
The large-scale war brought about the order of World War II, that is, the decentralization of citizenship. Everyone is a citizen, so let’s distinguish it with money.
However, with the development of technology, weapons are becoming more and more powerful, military satellites, small nuclear bombs, and war weapons are becoming more and more powerful, and it seems that we can return to the era when a small number of soldiers determine the war pattern, and we no longer need so many big-headed soldiers.
Military aristocrats can also gain strong combat power by transforming their bodies, and perhaps they can return to the era of martial spirit. A few strengthened aristocrats can fight against an army. No matter how many big-headed soldiers, they cannot defeat a high-tech mecha special forces.
This is the impact of weapon changes on war.
In ancient times, the nobles relied on chariots to maintain their advantages. However, the army had more and more formations, and the speed of the chariots was too slow, so they were gradually eliminated.
Then there were cavalry, and a few nobles relied on cavalry to suppress the army. Then everyone found ways to deal with cavalry. When the firearms appeared, the cavalry's advantage would be gone.
If there is a steel army in the future, it will definitely be the privilege of a few nobles.
The confrontation between spears and shields has continued, and power comes from the barrel of the gun. Whoever has high-end weapons can gain an advantage. From chariots, armor to cavalry, and mastering cutting-edge weapons, aristocratic regimes can be formed.
Because the shield is getting stronger and stronger, the spear needs to gather more people. Just like Rome, when the Roman militia was invincible at the beginning, but in the end they could not win, they could only recruit people from the free people to win.
There is also Eastern Rome, which raised the banner of Unitarianism in the war, gathered more power and improved its combat effectiveness.
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Weapons, numbers, and fighting spirit are all ways to enhance combat effectiveness. Everyone wants to hold the spear, but in turn he is also controlled by the spear.
For the nobles, weapons are the most important. If a few weapons can defeat the enemy, there is no need for numbers and ambition. Maintaining the number and ambition of the army requires an uncontrollable price.
The number of people and ambition are closely related to a person and it is difficult to control. Bread, bathhouse, and gladiator are all real money and silver. The white money given to this big soldier is simply a sin.
The fighting spirit of the army is to suppress the desires of the nobles. For example, Eastern Rome held high the banner of the Monodiac, which did make everyone's combat power stronger, but the nobles also had to accept the restrictions of the Monodiac and entered the age of asceticism.
Weapons are most beneficial to the nobles. They do not consider the relationship between people, as long as the weapon is strong, it is enough to kill people.
However, the lesson of history is that weapons can never be controlled only by themselves, and the enemy will quickly master weapons. At that time, they will still have to mobilize people.
Even so, we still need to develop weapons, because weapons are a good way for the nobles to master the spirit of martial arts and maintain their advantages. If the advantage of weapons disappears, we must borrow strength from citizens and free people, and there will be a lot of trouble at that time, and the nobles' money will not be blown by the strong wind.
If you don’t have money, you have to rob it. Once you rob it, you will need more soldiers. If you want more soldiers, you will need more money. It can be said that this is a vicious cycle.
Therefore, the nobles could not stop, and once the war started, they could not stop. This was true for Napoleon and the head of state, because they mobilized people, and these people needed more rights.
The same was true for the American Empire, which turned blacks and women into citizens, but the nobles also had ways. Everyone was citizens, so they continued to divide the labor through ancient Greece.
Chapter completed!