Seeing the two of them complimenting each other here, Zhang Side smiled and said: "You two should stop complimenting me here. Isn't it boring if no one here agrees with you?"

Although Zhang Side made fun of the two of them, one of them was his biological brother and the other was his fiancé. Now that these two people had something in common, Zhang Side was really happy in his heart.

Zhao Heng and Zhao Heng blushed, and then they stopped complimenting each other. Zhao Heng waved Ge Erdan to leave, and then continued: "Brother, there is a problem in our country now. From the beginning of the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors to the current imperial court, China has experienced

After countless dynasties, why do each dynasty have to reincarnate again after more than two hundred years? What kind of contradiction can only be solved by killing all the people in the country? "

What Zhao Heng was talking about was the issue of the prosperity cycle of ancient Chinese dynasties. Not to mention in the Ming Dynasty, this issue was enough for professors to write millions of words to discuss it in later generations. Zhang Hongsi was just a small scholar. This issue

It is still somewhat difficult for him. Of course, he is not the only one. Even his father, Zhang Wenming, and his teacher, Huang Daozhou, may not have a perfect answer.

Zhang Hongsi thought for a long time and came up with no idea. He had no choice but to ask for advice: "I dare to ask Brother Zhao, how to solve this problem?"

Zhao Heng said: "You see, dear brother, for a dynasty to remain stable, it is nothing more than to ensure that the people have enough to eat and the country has sufficient finances. However, once a dynasty continues to develop for hundreds of years, it will not be able to meet these two conditions, because the imperial court

The tax revenue mainly relies on agriculture, and agriculture depends on land, but land is limited. When a dynasty continues to develop, there will be more and more rich people, powerful people, and meritorious people, and then these people can

Purchase a large amount of land, whether it is purchased by yourself or awarded by the state!"

"Anyway, after a few hundred years, a country's land will continue to be annexed, and eventually it will be in the hands of a few powerful people, and the farmers will completely become refugees. If the weather is good, it is okay to go to the city to do some odd jobs to survive.

But if there is any disaster and the harvest is not good, not only will there be no food to eat, but the landowners will be owed food, and they will become heavily in debt."

"At this time, if the central government has money, it can still provide relief to the people at the bottom. But at this time, the central government often has an empty treasury, because on the one hand, the state spends a lot, the officials are bloated, and there are many empty payers. On the other hand, it must maintain

The frontiers of a dynasty require particularly large expenditures, and in terms of taxation, those with vested interests in the court are all landowners, and taxing these landowners and nobles is simply more difficult than touching the soul."

"The least powerful people are the people at the bottom, such as farmers. In order to continue their vitality, the dynasty can only tax these people. This makes the people at the bottom who are already living a difficult life even more difficult, so they begin to become refugees. Refugees

When the number increases, they become a mob, which threatens the social security and stability of the dynasty. At this time, if Chen Sheng and Wu Guang appear again, these scattered refugees will become a military force against the country, and the dynasty will come to an end.

At the end of the period, when a new dynasty is established, history will reincarnate again!"

Zhao Heng was worthy of being Zhao Fuxiang's son. He inherited his father's ability to fool people. This long paragraph described the rise and fall of a dynasty in detail, which shocked Zhang Hongsi, but also gave him some admiration.

Zhang Hongsi was very happy after hearing this

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I admire him. Zhao Heng has never read a book, but he is definitely not bad at thinking. Except for not mentioning the name of the Ming Dynasty, this paragraph mentioned all the issues that should be said and should not be said.

After hearing this, Zhang Hongsi frowned and asked: "Brother Zhao, what you said is just the experience, but you didn't say the reason at all!"

Zhao Heng said with a smile: "The reason is what I just said, that is, there are too many powerful people, which leads to land annexation. This is the main reason! I heard that when Xu Jie returned home as an official, half of the fertile land in Songjiang Prefecture belonged to his family, and even

Even more than Yan Song, who is known as a traitor, these officials connive at family members or evil slaves to seize other people's land for their own selfish interests. If these people are not dealt with, the country will not be well!"

Although Zhang Hongsi's family doesn't have much money, they are a real landlord class. After his father Zhang Wenming won the election, people immediately brought land to donate, hoping to avoid land taxes. If Zhang Wenming didn't bother to do these things, it would be much more

I dare not say that a few hundred acres of land can still be obtained.

Coming from the ruling class, Zhang Hongsi was naturally familiar with the stubborn diseases of his class. After hearing what Zhao Heng said, he asked: "Brother Zhao, these guys know this, but how can we get rid of it once and for all?"

"It's simple, use education to open up the people's wisdom, use the power of the people to restrict the powerful, and use the pressure of public opinion to supervise the imperial power!"

If Zhao Heng traveled back in time to the early Ming Dynasty, this sentence would be enough for his family to be exiled. In the early Ming Dynasty, ideological constraints were serious, and the Emperor Zhu would never let the public voice oppose the imperial power. But now is the late Ming Dynasty, after Jiajing

, the two emperors Wanli and his grandson did not go to court for more than sixty years, and folk ideas have developed to a bizarre level. Not to mention the restrictions on imperial power that Zhao Heng said, there are even voices that suppress imperial power.

Although Zhang Hongsi felt that what Zhao Heng said was a bit deviant, it was not unacceptable. After all, his father, Zhang Wenming, was a deviant.

"Brother Zhao, I have heard of these little brothers you are talking about. My eldest brother has several friends in Nandu, and several of them have similar ideas to Brother Zhao. But this kind of thing is simple to say. How to use the power of the people to limit the power of the powerful and the powerful?

Where is the imperial power?”

Zhao Heng did not expect such advanced ideas to appear at this time, and said with a smile: "This is simple, select a certain number of representatives according to the population proportion, and let them supervise the officials and the emperor on behalf of the people. Isn't that enough!"

What Zhao Heng is talking about is the deliberation system of later generations. Although this system was very common in later generations, it was proposed for the first time in the Ming Dynasty. The famous "Grand Conference" and "Model Conference" appeared in Britain as early as the 13th century in Europe.

Representative form, but at that time the representative system was just a rubber stamp for the king. The parliament was filled with aristocrats and not even half of them represented the common people.

What Zhao Heng said made Zhang Hongsi's eyes light up. This was a good way for the squires to legally supervise the government. In the Ming Dynasty, due to the expansion of the imperial examination system in the Tang and Song Dynasties, a large number of intellectuals were produced in the past two hundred years. Although the examination

After all, these are the top of the pyramid. In the middle and bottom there are a large number of talented people who cannot be officials, such as Tongsheng, Jiansheng, Gongsheng, etc. These people are the main components of the country gentry.

If the government transfers some rights to the gentry, wouldn't people like Zhang Wenming be able to participate in government affairs? It is indeed a good way to alleviate the conflicts between the gentry. Thinking of Zhang Hongsi, he felt that he should discuss it with his father when he returned home. This is a good idea.

.

Zhang Hong

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Si also became interested, and began to discuss specific details with Zhao Heng. Zhao Heng was just a student, and he didn’t know what the representative system was. Fortunately, in later generations, the television network became popular. If you have never eaten pork, you will always see pigs running away.

Zhao Heng told all the things that later generations would see on TV.

Although what Zhao Heng said was superficial, the more Zhang Hongsi listened, the more frightened he became. This was not something that those literati could talk about. The election in Zhao Heng's mouth included how to determine electors, vote, determine candidates, how to supervise the government, and the relationship between the government and the government.

There are detailed regulations on the division of power and so on. Zhao Heng cannot come up with this alone. There must be a powerful person standing behind Zhao Heng!

"Brother Zhao, did you come up with these things or did you hear them from others?"

Zhao Heng was stunned. Of course, these were not his own thoughts, and he could not have thought of these himself. But how could Zhao Heng say that he came from five hundred years later? These things would have been ruined on the streets five hundred years later, and they could be found on the Internet casually.

Just look at it, it's a lot.

Zhao Heng had no choice but to say stiffly: "It's all my own thinking!"

Although Zhang Hongsi now believes that Zhao Heng has read books and is not illiterate, he has come up with this perfect system by himself. Even if he killed Zhang Hongsi, he would not believe it. However, Zhao Heng insisted that he would not say it.

, Zhang Hongsi had no choice but to initially think that it was Zhao Heng who came up with it.

Zhao Heng and Zhao Heng had been talking here for more than an hour. It was already past two o'clock in the afternoon. Zhang Side looked at the sky and realized that if she didn't leave, it would be too late. She didn't want her parents to catch her and teach her a lesson when she went home in the dark.

.

Zhang Side interrupted the two of them and said: "Brother Zhao, it's getting late now, we should go home!"

Zhang Hongsi was just chatting with Zhao Heng. Unexpectedly, it was already late. Zhang Hongsi quickly said: "Yes, we must go home before dark today, otherwise my father will be anxious!"

Zhao Heng traveled to this era and finally met young people who could chat with him, so he was a little reluctant to hear that Zhang Hongsi was leaving. Zhao Heng stood up and said: "In this case, I will not keep these two good brothers.

!”

Zhang Side pulled Zhang Hongsi's sleeve from behind. Zhang Hongsi knew what his sister meant and said, "Brother Zhao, this is too far from the pier. Can you find a carriage for us to take us there?"

After hearing what Zhang Hongsi said, Zhao Heng remembered that Zhang Side had small feet, and that a woman with small feet had walked more than ten miles just to see him. Zhao Heng was still a little moved in his heart.

"Please wait a moment, I'll send someone to find the car right now!"

The Zhao family now has a large business and keeps several carriages at home for the wife and the old lady to travel, so they quickly found the family carriages.

Zhao Heng put Zhang Hongsi and Zhang Hongsi on the carriage, and then said: "You two worthy brothers, please come back! I will send five people to escort you home!"

After Zhao Heng finished speaking, he said to Zhang Side: "Brother Zhang Xian, there is less than a month until the 15th of next month. I will come to your door to welcome brother Xian when he comes!"

Zhang Side's face turned red when Zhao Heng said that. He lowered his head and said, "Brother Zhao, please come back. Qiuniang will be waiting for Brother Zhao to come to your door!"

Zhao Heng learned from his mother that Qiuniang was Zhang Side's maiden name. Now that the girl was willing to tell him her maiden name, it proved that he had succeeded in the interview. Zhao Heng was overjoyed and bowed deeply before watching the carriage drive away.
Chapter completed!