Chapter 233 Regulate the Banking Industry(1/2)
Since Zhu Qi consciously followed the bank's banknote promotion, he naturally had to sort out the order and then seriously solve this problem.
He didn't plan to use any of the people from the government office.
Those people may be quite reliable in terms of character, but in terms of professional skills, Zhu Qi does not think they can be better than those students who have studied mathematics and statistics.
Although these Four Books and Five Classics also have calculations, the teachings are a little simpler. And in the field of economics, it is not something that can be solved by good mathematics.
More importantly, he has a holistic understanding of the economy. Although Zhu Qi dared not call himself a master of economics, under the current environment of the Ming Dynasty, his philosophy is definitely ahead of the curve.
Compared to the officials in the officialdom, it is Zhu Qi who directly selects the right candidates from the academy. Now he thinks it is more reliable.
And the officials of the court naturally knew that Liao King Zhu Qi has now formed a new department called Bank.
He is also fully responsible for the operation of the bank and also monopolizes the right to manufacture currency.
For those officials, it is acceptable to be in charge of anything, but it is unacceptable to be in charge of minting currency.
You should know that currency is the fiscal lifeline of a country.
How can a prince control such a thing?
What if His Highness of the King of Liao printed and distributed currency in private, and printed a piece of millions of copies every day for himself, it would be a mess.
Suddenly, it was impeachment like a snowflake, and sent it to Zhu Yuanzhang, who was the same as before and ignored all the impeachment texts.
Even King Zhu Qi of Liao knew that the officials were impeaching him, but this was also expected.
If I were them, I would definitely object to the emperor's important matter of giving the right to mint coins to a prince who is not the prince.
Zhu Qi himself also had a clear conscience. If it weren't for the Ming Dynasty, who wouldn't want to go back to Liaoyang to continue fishing?
Zhu Qi ignored the discordant voices in the court.
Soon, among his students, a group of suitable candidates were selected to go to the bank to be the first batch of staff.
Although this bank has just been established, it has become more famous in Yingtianfu.
There is no need to do special publicity work.
But you only need to print money according to market demand to ensure that the number of paper money will not be greater than that required by the market.
Then, guide the people to use banknotes as much as possible to trade, and carry out related work such as recycling and redistribution of broken banknotes.
The most important business of banks is of course to store, collect the copper coins and silver of the people, and distribute banknotes to them.
It is similar to the Song Dynasty when those fangs collected copper coins from merchants and sent them the same principle.
As for you saying that there is no such business in storing banknotes yet, it is because it only exceeds the current craftsmanship level and cannot be preserved as long as it is now.
Secondly, it is also the people's recognition of silver and copper coins in their hearts. Now, they are far higher than that of paper money.
So it would be very difficult for them to deposit copper coins and silver coins in the bank. If they were asked to deposit copper coins and silver coins in the bank and then to deposit paper coins in the bank, it would be extremely difficult, so Zhu Qi did not force these things.
Originally, Zhu Qi proposed to assess the size of the market, which was impossible for other officials.
Originally, those officials felt that His Highness of the Liao King was useless and they were already unhappy.
Now I am naturally thinking about watching the jokes of His Highness the King of Liao. Even if it is as magical as the King of Liao, it is impossible to understand the market size clearly in a short time.
But what surprised them was that His Highness the King of Liao really had such ability.
It has only been half a month, and even the spring plowing seeds in February have not been finished yet.
The group of people under His Highness the King of Liao had already figured out the market size of the entire Yingtian Mansion.
And the amount of currency needed to be issued is formulated based on the market size, but the officials can't understand it at all. How did this come up?
In fact, it is also very simple. First of all, look at the inflow of copper coins issued by government departments every year.
The rest is to directly retrieve Yingtianfu’s files from the tax bureau and check them.
The tax system of commercial taxation in the Ming Dynasty also does various statistics every year, so it is not very difficult for Zhu Qi to figure out these things.
To put it bluntly, it is a problem of computing power. If the computing power is qualified, it is definitely not difficult to calculate the currency required for the market size within ten days.
The students under Zhu Qi all studied modern mathematics and various statistics, which naturally could not defeat them.
Since the theoretical thing has been completed, the rest is to issue currency.
The early publicity has been in place, and the people have started to go to the banks to exchange currency during this period.
After all, there are gifts. Although a small bag of food is not much, it is enough for a meal. Who would think that there is too much food to eat, right?
Although the amount exchanged by ordinary people now is only a very small amount of dozens or hundreds of people.
However, the first step has been taken, and Zhu Qi has achieved his goal, and the common people put these banknotes in their hands, so naturally they are not used as paper for wiping their butts.
Some royal villages are also open to the public that only exceeds the use of currency, such as if you want to buy some official salt, silk raw materials, iron, etc.
All can be used to trade with the Ming Dynasty newly issued Mingyuan currency.
The official also recognizes it, with the precedent of endorsing these commodities and using Mingyuan.
The people will naturally also have upward and downward results, using these currencies in daily life and business activities.
It was naturally difficult at the beginning, but when those merchants realized the benefits of paper money, they were very happy to accept it.
After all, a lot of copper and silver on hand are easily lost, but it is very convenient to carry banknotes so light and easy to carry.
In just two months, the people had already started to use the Mingyuan to trade in the streets and alleys of Yingtianfu.
Although the scale is not particularly large, it only accounts for a small proportion of their daily lives.
But this is still very gratifying.
What is left is to control the pace of printing money, and to check the market size every year, recycle those banknotes and reissue them.
The reissue of recycling paper money is not something that ordinary people can consciously submit paper money to the bank.
Instead, it must be carried out through savings business. The renewal and replacement of related currencies is not achieved overnight, but a long process of several months.
There is no need to say much about the various things among them. Anyway, Zhu Qi also discussed with the bank employees, and the rest was to practice.
After implementing the monetary system, the most important thing next is what Zhu Qi feels is the most urgent issue, that is, the issue of lending.
Everyone knows that lending is a huge profit, but lending also has risks.
Since ancient times, the private sector has already had lending business.
Many ordinary people often use loans, and most of them are borrowing food. After all, God cannot have good weather every year, and there will always be some bad harvests in the year.
If you have no food to eat, you can only go out to borrow food, otherwise will you starve to death?
At this time, all kinds of things in the house will be used to mortgage it.
But don’t think you don’t need to pay back the grain you borrowed. This year, you will have to pay back 13 or even 14 next year. Some of the more bad ones may even need to pay doubled.
At the beginning, the government departments naturally did not notice private lending. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, lending business caused the destruction of many ordinary people's families, so there was no need to mention it.
After Qin Shihuang unified China, in addition to unifying weights and measures, carriages and books, writings and writings, Qin Shihuang also noticed the impact of lending on the people.
At this point, it is stipulated that the interest rate on loans shall not be higher than the standard of nine out of thirteen out of thirteen out of thirteen out of thirteen out of thirteen out of thirteen out of thirteen out of thirteen out of thirteen out of thirteen out of thirteen out of thirteen out of thirteen out of thirteen out of thirteen out of thirteen out of thirteen out
This is the standard for measuring the behavior of lending in all dynasties.
In other words, private lending can only reach nine out and thirteen. If this rank is higher than this level, it will be punished by the government government.
However, people may not believe it when it comes to it. In the lending industry, the ones who do the best job are not the rich possessed rich people.
But the monks in the temple who look pure and desireless.
Especially when rulers of all dynasties believed in Buddhism and advocated the prosperity of Buddhism and Taoism, it became more obvious.
Those monks ate vegetarian food and chanted Buddha's name, but behind their backs, they were drinking the blood of the people. Not only did they have a large amount of industries, they also issued loans to the outside world.
On the surface, it seems that it is giving porridge to help the people, but in fact the interest rate given to the people is very high.
Even double repayment is very common, and the common people naturally cannot pay back these debts. If they cannot buy and sell their children to pay off their debts, they can only mortgage their family's land and property to the monks in the temple.
Even in the Ming Dynasty, the largest private lending organization was still the monks in the temple.
However, after the rectification of the previous generations of emperors, the lending situation in temples has now been much more restrained.
Zhu Qi's banking will inevitably be a drastic change for the lending industry, because the interest rate set by Zhu Qi will be far lower than the interest rate of 9 out of 13.
Not only that, it is no longer an era where you can lend and borrow as long as you come to mortgage your property.
Instead, we need to evaluate his personal credit, family property and other aspects in detail, and then decide whether to borrow money or not.
Anyway, lending must be regulated and cautious.
Private lending behavior also needs to be strictly restricted by laws and regulations, otherwise the people will be injured in the end.
To put it bluntly, if it weren’t for not being able to survive these days, who would have been willing to borrow money from outside?
Even when modern hedonism is prevalent, young people borrow money because they have no money on hand, so they spend money in advance.
If there are rich second generations, who can borrow a lot of money to spend?
My parents gave them hundreds of millions or tens of billions of dollars at will.
What Zhu Qi has to do is to ensure that the people will not suffer from family poverty due to borrowing.
Try not to borrow money if you can find a way to solve it.
To be continued...