The DNA synthesizer used to produce oligonucleotides was sent from Tianjin Port within a few days.

Yang Rui also confirmed that these basic equipment arrived before the official PCR project began.

Unlike the happy Muris, Yang Rui is not a white man first, second, not an American, third, not a member of a well-known research institution in developed countries, fourth, no educational background of well-known European and American colleges, fifth, no large company or institutional background, and sixth, too young.

In this case, if Yang Rui wants to win the Nobel Prize, he must first achieve excellent results.

The results of PCR are naturally very strong, but for the Nobel Prize, there is no strongest, only stronger.

Secondly, Yang Rui has to be careful and take every step forward.

Being careful in scientific research does not mean verifying the results from multiple verification. If you verify them from multiple parties, you will naturally have other scholars to do these things for you. Repeated experiments are able to publish papers because repeated experiments have certain value.

Be careful in scientific research and step by step, which is to publish papers in stages.

Historically, Muris and his company published about three papers on PCR. They are large American companies. If one paper is published at a large stage, they can prove their work.

For Yang Rui, it is not so easy to deal with.

At least he has a CELL-level paper, which is rare in China, but internationally, this is the foundation of the stepping stone, and the effect is just a little better than a PHD (Doctor) who has no origin.

On this basis, Yang Rui was preparing to publish his paper with double digits as the goal.

His reference object is the China research group for artificially synthesized bovine insulin. This research group has published more than 20 papers in several top journals over the past few years, proving the ownership of the results with a very clear research chain, and also gradually igniting the topic.

Although the Chinese scientific research team in the 1960s was at the national level, they had to prove themselves and faced many problems. Yang Rui now has Peking University endorsed his identity and also has CELL-level papers. The difficulty coefficient is roughly different from the research team that artificially synthesized bovine insulin that year.

However, to form a clear scientific research chain, it does not necessarily mean that everything needs to be written, nor does it necessarily require publishing papers in chronological order.

For example, Yang Rui planned to post the heat-resistant polymerase last.

The reason is very simple. It has heat-resistant polymerase, which can greatly reduce the experimental time.

PCR is essentially a DNA doubling technology.

It can quickly double DNA and double it... In theory, it can double it as much as you want.

It's like the story of the famous flag bearer and the king.

Put 2 grains of wheat in the first grid of chess, 4 grains of wheat in the second grid, 8 grains in the third grid, and 16 grains in the fourth grid. If this is the doubling, how many grains are there in the 30th grid?

——The 30th grid will have 107,737,71824 grains of wheat.

PCR has also shown its skills in countless fields because of this super multiplication technique.

For example, DNA residues at crime scenes were not detected before the PCR era, too little reagent residues could not be detected, but after the 1990s, the police station with PCR could ignore the residual numbers. Theoretically, as long as there is a complete DNA residue, it can be doubled to a detectable state.

The reason why the police station had PCR in the 1990s was because of heat-resistant polymerase.

The raw material for PCR is polymerase, which can also be used, but every time it doubles, the heat-resistant polymerase will be inactivated in a water bath pot of more than 90 degrees. When the second doubles, polymerase must be added again.

Not only is polymerase not cheap, this process also requires professionals to do it, it is complicated and prone to errors.

During the research process, it is not easy to add polymerase thirty times in a row.

Of course, it is also not easy to develop heat-resistant polymerases.

Therefore, in history, Muris and others, first committed to solving the problem of doubling, and did not give priority to the problem of heat-resistant polymerase.

After all, only if the doubled problem is solved and this method is proven to be feasible can it be necessary to simplify the method.

Otherwise, just having heat-resistant polymerase and without using its technology will be of no use.

However, Yang is different from Muris and others.

He has certainly known that PCR is a good technology.

Therefore, he first made research that could improve efficiency. When he wanted to release the paper in stages, even if others were inspired, they would not be able to keep up with his speed.

In fact, Yang Rui still hopes that someone can chase behind his butt.

If he was a Chinese, he simply made a smart, simple and effective achievement that influenced the world, half of the evaluations he received were probably "**** luck".

But if a Chinese man makes achievements that affect the world in a smart and simple way in the scientific research competition, the evaluation he receives must be very different.

Of course, doing this is definitely risky. But after thinking about it, Yang Ruisi decided to publish the paper in stages.

The reason is very simple. A simple PCR thesis may not necessarily send Yang Rui to the altar of the Nobel Prize.

If there is no Nobel Prize, the value of the PCR project will be greatly reduced. Although it may still be worth $3 billion, for Yang Rui, the value of the Nobel Prize is more than $3 billion.

Based on this idea, on the fourth day after the DNA synthesizer was delivered, Yang Rui began to draft his first paper - "Ideas for Improving DNA Synthesizer".

It still belongs to a preface, and can even be said to be a preface of the preface, but the so-called scientific research chain is linked one by one.

Huang Mao and others were very happy. They had just signed a thick legal document written by several lawyers from Hong Kong, and almost gave all the rights to Huarui Company, leaving only one right of signature.

The Chinese in the 1980s never made money through patents or similar means. Huang Mao and others didn't care about this. What they cared about was that they had a little more reputation.

Fame naturally requires a pile of papers.

Yang Rui randomly excerpts based on the DNA synthesizer commonly used in later generations and uses it on his newly purchased DNA synthesizer.

The newly recruited Niu Zhang Xuetong is from an engineering department. In conjunction with the two mechanical and electrical teachers invited by Yang Rui to spend money, he simply modified most of the DNA synthesizers. This is the domestic environment. Modifying old instruments and synthesizing and breaking instruments is the mainstream. There are many scientific researchers who do not understand English, and there are few hands-on skills.

A rich man like Yang Rui can only be seen by domestic academician-level laboratories.

$280,000, but it is almost as good as the assets of the laboratory that Tang Jin has operated for many years, and only the academician-level laboratories can afford it.

However, what Yang Rui wrote in his new paper requires not only hands-on ability, but also to match with considerable materials and parts. Zhang Xuetong has no choice but to find things in China.

Yang Rui had a good idea in this regard. While sending the paper to the journal, he also sent another copy to the DNA synthesizer production company "Biology Research".

Zhang Xuetong was a little uneasy about this and asked: "Will this biological research company plagiarize our technology?"

"Generally speaking, they don't know what evidence we have left. For example, the photos I just took belong to ours. If they plagiarize, we can not only sue them, but also scold them in the circle..." Yang Rui said and said, "It's not easy to be a biological company. We kindly help them improve their technology. At this level of transformation, they don't need to plagiarize."

"We are a living international Lei Feng." Zhang Xuetong looked a little ugly, but after modifying himself, the DNA synthesizer with more complete functions was quite fulfilling.

Yang Rui nodded slightly, but said, "It's right for us to be good people, but Lei Feng may not be alive."

Zhang Xuetong frowned like a plus sign and said, "We are not doing well enough, and the international standards for living Lei Feng are too strict!"

Huang Mao, who had been to the United States, couldn't help laughing. He was already familiar with Yang Rui, so he said, "I guess what Yang Rui means is not to give others his skills for free."

Zhang Xuetong was puzzled: "The technology is improved on other people's machines. What can we do if we don't give it away? We have improved it ourselves to sell it?"

"Where do we have time to sell?" Huang Mao glanced at Yang Rui, and saw that he didn't say anything, he knew that he had guessed correctly. He said happily: "The current technology companies in the United States are very accustomed to this kind of technological improvement, especially the first-generation instruments. You see, it is so expensive, but the cost is the R&D cost. If users participate in R&D, they will get some compensation."

"Do you have money to give?" Zhang Xuetong instantly simplified Huang Mao's words.

Huang Mao nodded and said, "If improvements are important, people will discuss with us how to purchase technology or authorize technology. This kind of trouble, such improvements like ours, I probably will be given a booklet."

"book?"

"The accessories booklet is like the one we got." Huang Mao said, taking the instructions in front of the machine, and found a black and white printed booklet, saying, "You see, there are accessories in it, which is called optional. If you want to buy it, you will give it money, and they will make it for you. The prices are not cheap, and it is often hundreds or thousands of dollars. I will probably also use the accessories booklet for our improvements."

Zhang Xuetong nodded in a slight understanding and said, "But there are still some technologies that have not been implemented. Can we just give an idea of ​​improvement?"

"We have a complete idea, that's fine." Huang Mao said confidently: "When I was at Columbia University, several professors liked to do this. If you make a little modification, the technology company will give you a lot of money. You can buy a new instrument and use it for half a year. Not only will you be able to change it smoothly, but you can save more than half of the money, and you may still make a profit."

"Then the technology company lost money?"

Yang Rui couldn't help laughing: "Columbia University is Ivy League University. A professor at Columbia University can't be invited by ordinary technology companies. People can't like his instruments and help him improve them. If he still refuses to give money, his reputation in the industry will be ruined. Besides, they don't make money by relying on the first batch of equipment. They can really sell a lot and make money by making money by making money by repaying money. "

"So that's it, no wonder you are in a hurry to improve the DNA synthesizer." Zhang Xuetong completely turned the direction.

Yang Rui didn't care, and smiled and said, "It's better to get a little book back. The signature of the second author of this paper will be given to Zhang Xuetong. You will continue to work hard to stabilize the synthesis of oligonucleotides."

It is hard to cook without rice. There is no stable supply of oligonucleotides, and PCR is also done from the process.

This is also a manifestation of China's lag behind the world in the 1980s. Today, China is similar to the Middle Eastern countries in the 21st century. The science and technology industry is seriously biased towards science and technology, and things like oligonucleotides cannot be bought. It is not realistic to ship them from the United States. Not to mention the large amount of demand, continuous transportation itself can easily cause unpredictable changes in raw materials.

Now Yang Rui missed the convenience of studying for graduate school. At that time, as long as he had money, he would call him by phone, and countless biological companies rushed to deliver various materials. One of them might be opened by the teacher of the school...

...
Chapter completed!