With the development of society and the advancement of science and technology, more and more resources are discovered, and the scope of resource derivation is also increasing. Therefore, a new concept of resource has gradually formed.

When utilizing a certain resource under the conditions of knowledge economy, scientific and technological knowledge must be fully utilized to consider the hierarchical issues of resource utilization. When utilizing different types of resources at different levels, regional allocation and comprehensive utilization must be considered. This is the "new resource concept" and is the basis for cognitively solving resource problems under the conditions of knowledge economy.

The resource system view is the core view of the resource view. Only when humans fully realize that they are part of the large system of man and nature can they truly implement coordinated development with nature. Moreover, only when humans regard various resources as a subsystem in the large system of man and nature, and correctly handle the relationship between this resource subsystem and other subsystems, can humans efficiently utilize this resource.

Resources are distinguished from the level of human understanding and utilization. Materials - energy - information are three valuable resources available in the real world. The entire human civilization can be divided into levels based on the development and utilization of these three resources by humans.

The development of human society is determined by the development of the contradictory movement of productivity and production relations.

At first, humans first learned to use materials to process and make simple production tools to improve labor productivity, but tools made with only materials are a "dead tool" that depends on manpower to drive and operate. This is basically the situation of productivity in the agricultural handicraft era;

Later, humans further learned to use energy resources and combine materials and energy to create new production tools, turning the original "dead tools" into "living tools". However, this tool still depends on people to control and manipulate, and the improvement of labor productivity is still limited by human physical factors. This is generally the case of social productivity in the industrial era.

In modern times, human beings have gradually learned to develop and utilize information resources, and organically combine materials and energy with information, creating an advanced tool system that not only has driving force but also has intelligent control, opening up infinite and broad prospects for the development of social productivity.

In traditional economy, people's competition for resources is mainly reflected in the occupation of land, minerals and oil.

Today, information resources are increasingly becoming the focus of people's competition. This is basically the situation of productivity in the information age.

In short, from learning to utilize material resources to energy resources to information resources, human society has promoted the continuous progress of human society from the agricultural era to the industrial era and then to the information era. The "triple in one" of materials, jujube, energy and jujube information has become an indispensable and valuable resource in modern society. Only by comprehensively developing and comprehensively utilizing the three major resources can we continuously promote social progress and development.

The dynamic balance of resources is the theoretical basis of sustainable development. In the large system of man and nature, human development and change depend on the development and utilization of natural resources. The natural resource system is also developing and changing due to its own dynamics and the role of man. In the process of development, man and nature must achieve dynamic balance. At the same time, it also requires resource complementarity and dynamic exchange between regions to prevent the gap in resource combinations from being misaligned.

Today, people's estimates of natural resource guarantees must consider the influence of high-tech factors. The knowledge economy, which mainly relies on intellectual resources, is an inevitable trend in the development of the world economy and is not transferred by people's subjective consciousness.

High technology with information technology, biotechnology, new energy technology and new material technology as the core will greatly change the world's appearance and human life. Blind resource pessimism is unfounded, but if you don't make great efforts to focus on basic research, you may have breakthroughs in applied research and high-tech industrialization. In the future, it may restrict people's development.

Therefore, under the conditions of the development of the knowledge economy, the so-called resource guarantee lies in the scientific application of these high-tech technologies. It can reach the commercial stage so that rich resources can be replaced by shortage resources in economic life.

The latest research and actual development results show that the prediction of the application period of most high-techs is advanced. This also confirms the accelerated development trend of science and technology. Therefore, it makes sense for people to be cautiously optimistic about the prospects.

In human economic activities, various resources are interconnected and restricted to each other, forming a resource system with a complex structure. Each resource has its own subsystem. Resource systems can be classified differently from different angles such as properties and uses.

There are several types of resources classified by nature

1. Natural Resources

Natural resources generally refer to all material resources and natural production processes, and usually refer to resources that are beneficial to humans under certain technical and economic environment conditions.

Natural resources can be classified from different perspectives.

From the perspective of resource regeneration, it can be divided into renewable resources and non-renewable resources:

Renewable resources: that is, resources that can be regenerated with the participation of humans, such as farmland. If farming is properly cultivated, the ground force can be constantly renewed and new agricultural products can be continuously provided for humans. There are two types of renewable resources: one is the resources that can be recycled, such as solar energy, air, rainwater, wind and water energy, tidal energy, etc.; the other is biological resources.

Non-renewable resources: (or depleted resources), the reserves and volume of such resources can be calculated, and their mass can also be reflected by the percentage of chemical components, such as mineral resources.

The distinction between renewable resources and non-renewable resources is relative. For example, oil and coal are non-renewable resources, but they are the result of the long-term changes in physics and chemistry in the strata. This also shows that the two can be transformed, which is the manifestation of the law of immortality of matter and conservation of energy and transformation.

According to the ability to restore and renew resources, they can also be divided into irrecoverable resources (such as various ores, oil, etc.), and inexhaustible resources that can be recovered (such as soil, natural plants and beneficial animals in land and oceans, as well as water and solar radiation energy).

From the degree of controllability of resource utilization, it can be divided into proprietary resources and shared resources.

Proprietary resources: such as state control, resources under jurisdiction.

Shared resources: such as high seas, space, information resources, etc.

2. There are the following categories according to social and economic resources and technical resources

Natural resources, social and economic resources, and technical resources are usually called the three major categories of resources in human society. Social and economic resources, also known as social and cultural resources, are social and economic factors that directly or indirectly affect production. Among them, population and labor are the main conditions for social and economic development.

Technical resources are also broadly social and humanistic resources, and they play an increasingly important role in economic development.

Technology is the application of natural scientific knowledge in the production process. It is a direct productivity and a method and means to transform the objective world.

The most direct manifestation of technology in social and economic development is the improvement of production tools. The scale of productivity in different eras is different production tools, mainly determined by science and technology.

In contemporary times, the huge role of science and technology in promoting the development of productivity is concentrated in Deng Xiaoping's statement that "science and technology are the primary productive forces."

3 According to resource usage, it can also be divided into the following types:

1).Agricultural Resources

Agricultural resources are the general term for agricultural natural resources and agricultural economic resources. Agricultural natural resources include natural environmental factors that can be utilized by agricultural production, such as land resources, water resources, climate resources and biological resources.

Agricultural economic resources refer to socio-economic factors and social production results that directly or indirectly play a role in agricultural production, such as the quantity and quality of agricultural population and labor, agricultural technical equipment, including agricultural infrastructure such as transportation, communications, culture and education, and health.

Basic types of agricultural resources

1. Natural resources: refers to natural elements and natural forces (atmosphere, soil, water, etc.) that can be utilized in agricultural production and related fields, as well as those natural conditions that have begun to transfer to the ranks of agricultural natural resources.

2. Social and economic resources: the source of motivation for developing and utilizing natural resources and transforming them into social and economic wealth.

(1) Population and labor resources

(2) Agricultural science and technology productivity

Basic characteristics of agricultural resources:

One, integrity

All factors are interdependent and mutually restricted to each other, forming a unified whole. The development of agricultural production must be rationally developed and utilized in accordance with the requirements of optimal resource combination and ecological balance.

2. Regionality

The distribution and combination characteristics of agricultural natural resources in different regions are different, and the development of agricultural production must follow the principle of adapting to local conditions.

Three, dynamic balance

Various agricultural natural resources and their combinations, that is, ecosystems are constantly developing and evolving, from equilibrium to breaking equilibrium and then forming a new equilibrium.

Four, renewable and regenerative

For example, the seasonal changes of climate, the replenishment of water, the recovery of soil fertility and biological reproduction, etc., as long as the development and utilization are properly and the protection and cultivation are paid attention to, it can be used continuously.

Five, finite quantity and infinite potential

The amount of agricultural natural resources and energy utilization are limited, and the scope of utilization of human beings' ability to utilize natural resources is also limited. However, due to the renewable and regenerative nature of agricultural natural resources, and with the advancement of science and technology, human beings can find new resources and expand the scope of resource utilization. Continuously improve resource utilization and production capacity.

2). Industrial resources

Directly enter the industrial production field and provide raw materials or power resources for industrial production, such as minerals, fossil fuels, hydropower, seeds, etc.

3). Information resources (including service resources)

Information resources refer to the collection of various information activity elements (information technology, equipment, facilities, information producers, etc.) accumulated in information activities in human society.

Information resources are the general term for all documents, materials, charts and data involved in the production and management process of an enterprise. It involves all information resources generated, acquired, processed, stored, transmitted and used during the production and operation of an enterprise, and runs through the entire process of enterprise management.

Information and energy and materials are ranked among the three major resources in the world today. Information resources are widely present in various fields and departments of the economy and society. They are a reflection of various conditions and relationships such as various forms of things, internal laws, and connections with other things.

With the continuous development of society, information resources are crucial to the development of the country and nation. They are crucial to people's work and life and have become an important strategic resource for national economic and social development. Its development and utilization are the core content of the entire information system.

Wiener, the founder of cybernetics, believes that information is information. It is not matter or energy. In other words, information and matter and energy are different. At the same time, there is also a close relationship between information and matter and energy. Matter, energy and information are the three major elements that constitute the real world.

As long as things have interconnected and interacted with each other, information will occur. All activities in human society cannot be separated from information. Information has long existed in the objective world, but people first understand matter, then they know energy, and finally they know information.

Information has useful value, can meet people's special needs, and can be used to serve society. However, it is still a matter of realization that information is a resource since the 1980s.

The research team at Harvard University in the United States gave the famous resource triangle. They pointed out: Without matter, nothing exists; without energy, nothing will happen; without information, nothing will have meaning.

As a resource, matter provides people with various materials; energy provides various motivations; information provides various knowledge.

Information is universal. But not all information is a resource. Only information that meets certain conditions can constitute a resource.

For information resources, there are narrow and broad meanings:

In a narrow sense, information resources refer to information itself or information content, that is, data that has been processed and useful for decision-making. The purpose of developing and utilizing information resources is to give full play to the effectiveness of information and realize the value of information.

In a broad sense, information resources refer to the general term for various elements in information activities. "Elements" include information, information technology and corresponding equipment, funds and people.

A narrow view highlights that information is the core element of information resources, but ignores the "system".

In fact, if there are only core elements and no "support" part (technology, equipment, etc.), organic configuration cannot be carried out and the maximum utility of information as a resource cannot be exerted.

In summary, it can be considered that information resources are composed of three major elements: information producer, information and information technology.

(1) The information producer is a worker who produces information for a certain purpose, including the original information producer, information processor or information reproducer.

(2) Information is both a raw material and a product of information production. It is the labor result of information producers. It directly produces an effect on various social activities and is the target element of information resources.

(3) Information technology is a general term for various technologies that can extend or expand a person's information ability. It is a technology that collects, processes, stores, transmits and utilizes information of sound, images, texts and various sensing signals. Information technology, as a production tool, provides support and guarantee for information collection, processing, storage and transmission.

Compared with natural and material resources, information resources have the following characteristics:

(1) It can be reused and its value is reflected in use;

(2) The utilization of information resources has a strong goal orientation, and different information reflects different values ​​among different users;

(3) It is integrated. People's search and use it is not restricted by time, space, language, region and industry;

(4) It is social wealth, and no one has the right to buy the right to use information in whole or permanently; it is a commodity that can be sold, traded and exchanged;

(5) It has liquidity.

Information resources are unlimited, renewable and shareable; their development and utilization will greatly reduce the consumption of materials and energy and reduce pollution.

The universe where humans and the Earth are located generate massive amounts of matter, energy and information in the infinite time and infinite space of their existence.

In the limited time and space of its existence, humans consume a lot of materials and energy, and generate a lot of information. The earth on which we humans rely on will eventually be destroyed. However, after the destruction of the earth, information resources, as the legacy of mankind, can exist for a long time in the universe.

The importance of resources is well known. Human survival cannot be separated from abundant resources. Once resources begin to become scarce, the end of mankind will come. Therefore, we must cherish resources.

Just like mineral resources, there seem to be many mineral resources nowadays, and it seems that they are inexhaustible. However, if humans lose their production and abuse mineral resources, people will find that they can no longer find enough mineral resources.
To be continued...